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一种基于区域拓扑信息的转发图映射算法 Article

Hong-chao HU, Fan ZHANG, Yu-xing MAO, Zhen-peng WANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第11期页码 1854-1866 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601404

摘要：本文将转发图映射（forwarding graph embedding, FGE）问题建模为0-1整数规划问题，旨在增加服务提供商的收益并降低开销，同时满足受限资源和虚拟功能需要的约束。

关键词：网络功能虚拟化；虚拟网络功能；转发图映射

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基于Self-X认知制造网络实现认知大规模个性化定制——一种工业知识图谱及图嵌入技术使能的途径

李心雨, 郑湃, 鲍劲松, 高亮, 徐旬

《工程（英文）》 2023年第22卷第3期页码 14-19 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.08.018

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Deep reinforcement learning-based critical element identification and demolition planning of frame structures

Shaojun ZHU; Makoto OHSAKI; Kazuki HAYASHI; Shaohan ZONG; Xiaonong GUO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期页码 1397-1414 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0860-y

摘要： This paper proposes a framework for critical element identification and demolition planning of frame structures. Innovative quantitative indices considering the severity of the ultimate collapse scenario are proposed using reinforcement learning and graph embedding. The action is defined as removing an element, and the state is described by integrating the joint and element features into a comprehensive feature vector for each element. By establishing the policy network, the agent outputs the Q value for each action after observing the state. Through numerical examples, it is confirmed that the trained agent can provide an accurate estimation of the Q values, and handle problems with different action spaces owing to utilization of graph embedding. Besides, different behaviors can be learned by varying hyperparameters in the reward function. By comparing the proposed method and the conventional sensitivity index-based methods, it is demonstrated that the computational cost is considerably reduced because the reinforcement learning model is trained offline. Besides, it is proved that the Q values produced by the reinforcement learning agent can make up for the deficiencies of existing indices, and can be directly used as the quantitative index for the decision-making for determining the most expected collapse scenario, i.e., the sequence of element removals.

关键词： progressive collapse alternate load path demolition planning reinforcement learning graph embedding

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Classifying multiclass relationships between ASes using graph convolutional network

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 653-667 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0217-1

摘要： Precisely understanding the business relationships between autonomous systems (ASes) is essential for studying the Internet structure. To date, many inference algorithms, which mainly focus on peer-to-peer (P2P) and provider-to-customer (P2C) binary classification, have been proposed to classify the AS relationships and have achieved excellent results. However, business-based sibling relationships and structure-based exchange relationships have become an increasingly nonnegligible part of the Internet market in recent years. Existing algorithms are often difficult to infer due to the high similarity of these relationships to P2P or P2C relationships. In this study, we focus on multiclassification of AS relationship for the first time. We first summarize the differences between AS relationships under the structural and attribute features, and the reasons why multiclass relationships are difficult to be inferred. We then introduce new features and propose a graph convolutional network (GCN) framework, AS-GCN, to solve this multiclassification problem under complex scenes. The proposed framework considers the global network structure and local link features concurrently. Experiments on real Internet topological data validate the effectiveness of our method, that is, AS-GCN. The proposed method achieves comparable results on the binary classification task and outperforms a series of baselines on the more difficult multiclassification task, with an overall metrics above 95%.

关键词： autonomous system multiclass relationship graph convolutional network classification algorithm Internet topology

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Virtual network embedding based on real-time topological attributes

Jian DING,Tao HUANG,Jiang LIU,Yun-jie LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第2期页码 109-118 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400147

摘要： As a great challenge of network virtualization, virtual network embedding/mapping is increasingly important. It aims to successfully and efficiently assign the nodes and links of a virtual network (VN) onto a shared substrate network. The problem has been proved to be NP-hard and some heuristic algorithms have been proposed. However, most of the algorithms use only the local information of a node, such as CPU capacity and bandwidth, to determine how to map a VN, without considering the topological attributes which may pose significant impact on the performance of the embedding. In this paper, a new embedding algorithm is proposed based on real-time topological attributes. The concept of betweenness centrality in graph theory is borrowed to sort the nodes of VNs, and the nodes of the substrate network are sorted according to the correlation properties between the former selected and unselected nodes. In this way, node mapping and link mapping can be well coupled. A simulator is built to evaluate the performance of the proposed virtual network embedding (VNE) algorithm. The results show that the new algorithm significantly increases the revenue/cost (R/C) ratio and acceptance ratio as well as reduces the runtime.

关键词： Virtual network embedding (VNE) Real-time topological attributes Betweenness centrality Correlation properties Network virtualization

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基于代价敏感学习的实体-关系联合知识嵌入 Article

Sheng-kang YU, Xue-yi ZHAO, Xi LI, Zhong-fei ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第11期页码 1867-1873 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601255

摘要：我们将实体嵌入问题看作同时完成两个不同但相关的嵌入任务（实体嵌入和关系嵌入）的联合优化问题，并在联合嵌入框架下求解该问题。在该嵌入框架下，我们设计了联合评分函数，用以对实体和关系间的相关性实例进行量化评价，并将评分函数融入最大间隔学习方法中，使用知识库中的上下文信息学习实体与关系的嵌入向量。通过求解联合优化问题，我们的设计有效地表达了嵌入空间的固有拓扑结构。实验结果证实了我们的嵌入框架在表达不同关系的语义相关性和进行知识推理中的关系预测时的有效性。

关键词：知识嵌入；联合嵌入；代价敏感学习

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Xiao-hu MA,Meng YANG,Zhao ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第3期页码 212-223 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500255

摘要： The feature extraction algorithm plays an important role in face recognition. However, the extracted features also have overlapping discriminant information. A property of the statistical uncorrelated criterion is that it eliminates the redundancy among the extracted discriminant features, while many algorithms generally ignore this property. In this paper, we introduce a novel feature extraction method called local uncorrelated local discriminant embedding (LULDE). The proposed approach can be seen as an extension of a local discriminant embedding (LDE) framework in three ways. First, a new local statistical uncorrelated criterion is proposed, which effectively captures the local information of interclass and intraclass. Second, we reconstruct the affinity matrices of an intrinsic graph and a penalty graph, which are mentioned in LDE to enhance the discriminant property. Finally, it overcomes the small-sample-size problem without using principal component analysis to preprocess the original data, which avoids losing some discriminant information. Experimental results on Yale, ORL, Extended Yale B, and FERET databases demonstrate that LULDE outperforms LDE and other representative uncorrelated feature extraction methods.

关键词： Feature extraction Local discriminant embedding Local uncorrelated criterion Face recognition

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Preparation and characterization of a novel microorganism embedding material for simultaneous nitrification

Ming Zeng, Ping Li, Nan Wu, Xiaofang Li, Chang Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0961-3

摘要： A novel microorganism embedding material was prepared to enhance the biological nitrogen removal through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA) and cyclodextrin (CD) were used to compose gel bead with embedded activated sludge. The effects of temperature, CD addition and concentrations of PVA and SA on nitrogen removal were evaluated. Results show that the gel bead with CD addition at 30°C contributed to the highest nitrogen removal efficiency and nitrogen removal rate of 85.4% and 2.08 mg·(L·h)?1, respectively. Meanwhile, negligible NO3? and NO2? were observed, proving the occurrence of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The High-Throughput Sequencing confirms that the microbial community mainly contained Comamonadaceae in the proportion of 61.3%. Overall, CD increased gel bead’s porosity and resulted in the high specific endogenous respiration rate and high nitrogen removal efficiency, which is a favorable additional agent to the traditional embedding material.

关键词： Immobilization technology Nitrogen removal Cyclodextrin Microbial community Wastewater treatment

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大规模图计算系统综述 Review

Ning LIU, Dong-sheng LI, Yi-ming ZHANG, Xiong-lve LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第3期页码 384-404 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900127

摘要：图是描述实体之间关系的一种重要数据结构。现实世界中许多应用领域非常依赖图数据。然而，由于图计算应用与传统应用的显著差异，利用通用平台处理图计算应用是低效的，这极大推动了专用图计算系统的研究。本综述系统地对图算法和图计算应用进行分类，将现有图计算系统划分为通用和专用系统，并详细总结。深入分析图计算系统的实现技术，包括编程模型、分区策略、通信模型、执行模型和容错机制。最后，分析图计算领域最新进展，并提出有待进一步研究的4个问题。

关键词：图算法；图计算应用；图计算系统

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Improvement of impact resistance of plain-woven composite by embedding superelastic shape memory alloy

Xiaojun GU, Xiuzhong SU, Jun WANG, Yingjie XU, Jihong ZHU, Weihong ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第4期页码 547-557 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0595-1

摘要： Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have excellent mechanical properties, specifically, high specific stiffness and strength. However, most CFRP composites exhibit poor impact resistance. To overcome this limitation, this study presents a new plain-woven CFRP composite embedded with superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. Composite specimens are fabricated using the vacuum-assisted resin injection method. Drop-weight impact tests are conducted on composite specimens with and without SMA wires to evaluate the improvement of impact resistance. The material models of the CFRP composite and superelastic SMA wire are introduced and implemented into a finite element (FE) software by the explicit user-defined material subroutine. FE simulations of the drop-weight impact tests are performed to reveal the superelastic deformation and debonding failure of the SMA inserts. Improvement of the energy absorption capacity and toughness of the SMA-CFRP composite is confirmed by the comparison results.

关键词： carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite shape memory alloy wire impact resistance drop-weight test finite element simulation

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Detecting large-scale underwater cracks based on remote operated vehicle and graph convolutional neural

Wenxuan CAO; Junjie LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期页码 1378-1396 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0855-8

摘要： It is of great significance to quickly detect underwater cracks as they can seriously threaten the safety of underwater structures. Research to date has mainly focused on the detection of above-water-level cracks and hasn’t considered the large scale cracks. In this paper, a large-scale underwater crack examination method is proposed based on image stitching and segmentation. In addition, a purpose of this paper is to design a new convolution method to segment underwater images. An improved As-Projective-As-Possible (APAP) algorithm was designed to extract and stitch keyframes from videos. The graph convolutional neural network (GCN) was used to segment the stitched image. The GCN’s m-IOU is 24.02% higher than Fully convolutional networks (FCN), proving that GCN has great potential of application in image segmentation and underwater image processing. The result shows that the improved APAP algorithm and GCN can adapt to complex underwater environments and perform well in different study areas.

关键词： underwater cracks remote operated vehicle image stitching image segmentation graph convolutional neural network

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Distributed coordination inmulti-agent systems: a graph Laplacian perspective

Zhi-min HAN,Zhi-yun LIN,Min-yue FU,Zhi-yong CHEN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第6期页码 429-448 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500118

摘要： This paper reviews some main results and progress in distributed multi-agent coordination from a graph Laplacian perspective. Distributed multi-agent coordination has been a very active subject studied extensively by the systems and control community in last decades, including distributed consensus, formation control, sensor localization, distributed optimization, etc. The aim of this paper is to provide both a comprehensive survey of existing literature in distributed multi-agent coordination and a new perspective in terms of graph Laplacian to categorize the fundamental mechanisms for distributed coordination. For different types of graph Laplacians, we summarize their inherent coordination features and specific research issues. This paper also highlights several promising research directions along with some open problems that are deemed important for future study.

关键词： Multi-agent systems Distributed coordination Graph Laplacian

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Efficacy of intelligent diagnosis with a dynamic uncertain causality graph model for rare disorders of

Dongping Ning, Zhan Zhang, Kun Qiu, Lin Lu, Qin Zhang, Yan Zhu, Renzhi Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 498-505 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0791-8

摘要： Disorders of sex development (DSD) are a group of rare complex clinical syndromes with multiple etiologies. Distinguishing the various causes of DSD is quite difficult in clinical practice, even for senior general physicians because of the similar and atypical clinical manifestations of these conditions. In addition, DSD are difficult to diagnose because most primary doctors receive insufficient training for DSD. Delayed diagnoses and misdiagnoses are common for patients with DSD and lead to poor treatment and prognoses. On the basis of the principles and algorithms of dynamic uncertain causality graph (DUCG), a diagnosis model for DSD was jointly constructed by experts on DSD and engineers of artificial intelligence. “Chaining” inference algorithm and weighted logic operation mechanism were applied to guarantee the accuracy and efficiency of diagnostic reasoning under incomplete situations and uncertain information. Verification was performed using 153 selected clinical cases involving nine common DSD-related diseases and three causes other than DSD as the differential diagnosis. The model had an accuracy of 94.1%, which was significantly higher than that of interns and third-year residents. In conclusion, the DUCG model has broad application prospects as a computer-aided diagnostic tool for DSD-related diseases.

关键词： disorders of sex development (DSD) intelligent diagnosis dynamic uncertain causality graph

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基于transformer和自适应嵌入策略的可逆信息隐藏 Research Article

周琳娜1,陆智高2,尤玮珂1,房笑妃2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第8期页码 1143-1155 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2300041

摘要：在可逆信息隐藏（RDH）领域中，设计高精度预测器以减少嵌入失真和开发有效的嵌入策略以最小化由嵌入信息引起的失真是提高RDH性能的两个关键方面。本文提出一种新的RDH方法，包括基于transformer的预测器和具有多个嵌入规则的新嵌入策略。在预测器部分，我们首先设计了一个基于transformer的预测器。然后，提出一种图像分割方法，将图像分成4部分，可以使用更多的像素作为上下文。与其他预测器相比，我们的预测器可以将用于预测的像素范围从相邻像素扩展到全局像素，从而使其在减少嵌入失真方面更为准确。在嵌入策略部分，我们首先提出了能够利用目标块中像素的复杂性度量。然后，开发了一种改进的预测误差排序规则。最后，我们首次提出一种包含多个嵌入规则的嵌入策略。本文中的RDH方法可以有效减少失真，同时在提高隐藏图像的视觉质量方面提供令人满意的结果。实验结果表明，本文中提出的RDH算法的性能处于领先地位。

关键词：可逆信息隐藏；Transformer；自适应嵌入策略

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一种构建网络安全知识图谱的实用方法 Article

贾焰, 亓玉璐, 尚怀军, 江荣, 李爱平

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第1期页码 53-60 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.01.004

摘要：

网络攻击的形式复杂多变，检测和预测这些动态类型的攻击是一项充满挑战的任务。在当前的许多领域中，对于知识图谱的研究已经非常成熟。目前，有学者提出将知识图谱的概念与网络安全结合在一起来构建网络安全知识库，这是一件非常有意义的工作。基于这种理念，本文提出了一个构建网络安全知识图谱的方法和基于五元组模型的推演规则。本文使用机器学习的方法来抽取实体，然后构建本体，从而构建网络安全知识库。在构建网络安全知识库的过程中，使用Stanford NER 来训练提取器，然后利用提取器抽取所需的相关信息。本文提出的推演规则是基于五元组模型的，新的属性是通过计算公式推导得到的，新的关系是基于路径排序算法，同样是通过计算公式推导得到的。

关键词：网络安全知识图谱知识推演